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Key Takeaways

1. Mova launched new pool cleaning robots, including the standout model Rover X10 with a 7-in-1 OMNI Clean System.
2. The Rover X10 can clean surfaces, pool floors, walls, and has a runtime of up to 6 hours for pools up to 500 m².
3. It features 15 motors for agile movement, filters particles as small as 3 μm, and has a 5-liter waste container.
4. The Diver A10 and Diver R10 are additional models, with the A10 offering a 3.5-liter tank and the R10 having a 120-minute runtime.
5. Pricing and availability details for all models are not yet announced.

Mova has recently launched a range of new pool cleaning robots that aim to provide almost complete pool cleanliness. The Mova Rover X10 stands out as the main model, boasting the 7-in-1 OMNI Clean System. It is said to effectively clean not just the surface of the water and the pool floor, but also the walls, particularly at the waterline where grime tends to accumulate. This model offers a runtime of up to 6 hours and is suitable for pools with a maximum surface area of 500 m².

Advanced Cleaning Technology

Equipped with 15 motors, the design of this model allows it to move through the water similar to a drone, ensuring that even pools with complicated shapes can be cleaned thoroughly. It can filter out tiny particles as small as 3 μm, not just larger debris like leaves, and has a container that holds up to 5 liters of waste. The navigation is claimed to occur in real time. They also advertise AquaSonar technology, which allows users to monitor and control the cleaning process.

Additional Models

The Diver A10 is another option that features a 3.5-liter tank and incorporates Hall sensors for accurate cleaning up to 5 centimeters above the waterline. There’s also the Diver R10, which serves as a basic model with a runtime of up to 120 minutes and a filtration rate of approximately 5,700 liters per hour. On the other hand, the Rover X10 is reported to filter around 38,000 liters.

Key Takeaways

1. Two well-preserved fossils of Edmontosaurus annectens show signs of hoof-like features for the first time in a land vertebrate.
2. The fossils were found in the “Mummy Zone” of the Lance Formation in Wyoming, known for its exceptional dinosaur remains.
3. The back feet of E. annectens had keratinized hoof sheaths with flat bottoms enclosing spade-shaped bones.
4. Additional soft-tissue characteristics included a tall fleshy crest, spines along the tail, and polygonal scales, preserved by unique fossilization conditions.
5. This discovery marks E. annectens as the earliest known land vertebrate with true hooves, indicating that hoof evolution began in hadrosaur species during the Early Cretaceous.

Today, it’s commonly thought that many dinosaurs were feathered. However, the concept of prehistoric reptiles having hooves is not as well-known, mainly because no fossils have been previously found to support this idea. This situation has changed with a new study in Science. Researchers have recently uncovered two incredibly well-preserved fossils of the duck-billed dinosaur Edmontosaurus annectens, which seem to show clear signs of hoof-like features. These fossils were discovered in the “Mummy Zone” of the Lance Formation in Wyoming, which is a six-mile-wide area famous for its well-preserved dinosaur remains.

Discovering the Hoof Structures

The research indicates that toes II to IV on the back feet of E. annectens had keratinized hoof sheaths with flat bottoms that enclosed spade-shaped bones. Similar hoof-like structures were found on the front feet, although they were arranged differently. Such hooves have not been recorded in any other land vertebrate before. Interestingly, the hoof sheaths on the middle toes were about 15 centimeters long – which is nearly twice the length of the bones inside.

Other Fascinating Features

In addition to this astonishing anatomical finding, the fossils provided more soft-tissue characteristics: there was a fleshy crest along the back that would have reached around 28 centimeters (about 11 inches) tall in an adult, a series of spines along the tail, and polygonal scales that varied from one to nine millimeters in size. These details were observable thanks to the remarkable preservation state, which was made possible by the special conditions at the site of the discovery.

The remains first dried out during a drought, then were quickly buried under river sediment during a flood and packed with sand. A thin layer of clay—less than a millimeter thick—settled on the skin’s surface, preserving its outer shape like a “clay template.” This kind of fossilization had only been observed in low-oxygen marine areas before, marking this as the first known instance in a land river system.

Importance of the Findings

This discovery is extremely important for paleontology: Edmontosaurus annectens has now been identified as the earliest known land vertebrate with true hooves, making it the first example of hoofed movement in evolutionary history. The results imply that hoofs began to appear in early hadrosaur species as far back as the Early Cretaceous, long before they showed up in mammals.

Key Takeaways

1. Oxygen Absorption via Intestines: Some mammals can absorb oxygen through their intestines, a concept that won an Ig Nobel Prize in 2024.

2. First Human Trial: A team led by Dr. Takanori Takebe successfully tested enteral ventilation on humans for the first time.

3. Study Design: The trial involved 27 healthy male participants, using perfluorodecalin (PFD) as a liquid capable of holding significant amounts of oxygen.

4. Tolerability Findings: Participants tolerated the rectal administration of PFD well, with no severe side effects noted, although some experienced mild discomfort.

5. Future Research Needed: While the study confirmed safety, further research is necessary to explore the effectiveness of oxygen-enriched PFD for potential therapeutic use in critical situations.

Animal research has revealed that some mammals, such as mice, rats, and pigs, can take in oxygen via their intestines. This rare idea even won an Ig Nobel Prize in 2024. Until recently, it was uncertain if this method could work for humans. However, that changed when a worldwide team from the United States and Japan, headed by Dr. Takanori Takebe, a stem cell researcher from Japan, successfully tried enteral ventilation on humans for the first time. The findings from the phase 1 trial were published on October 20, 2025, in the journal Cell / Med.

Study Details

The research took place at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital in the United States and involved 27 healthy male participants aged between 20 and 45. The team used perfluorodecalin (PFD), a liquid that can hold a significant amount of oxygen – up to 500 milliliters of O₂ for every liter. Already utilized in eye surgeries and as an oxygen carrier in medical products, PFD was given in gradually increasing amounts to check for tolerability. Each participant received between 25 and 1,500 milliliters of the liquid, with every dose remaining in the intestine for a period of 60 minutes.

Important Observations

It’s crucial to mention that the PFD used during this research was not oxygenated, meaning it didn’t have any extra oxygen added. The main goal of this initial trial was to examine how well participants could tolerate receiving the liquid rectally, rather than to test its effectiveness for oxygen delivery.

No severe side effects or toxic responses were recorded, even at the maximum dose. About 59% of participants noted mild issues like stomach pain, gas, or the need to defecate, particularly with the larger doses. Four out of six participants in the highest-dose group stopped their sessions early due to discomfort. Nevertheless, lab results, blood pressure, and organ function remained normal throughout the study. No PFD was found in the blood, indicating that it wasn’t absorbed through the intestinal walls. Despite these slight side effects, the rectal use of PFD was deemed to be well tolerated.

Future Implications

In conclusion, while the study shows that the procedure is safe, it has not yet proven any therapeutic advantage, since non-oxygenated PFD was utilized. Future studies need to explore how much oxygen from oxygen-enriched PFD can be absorbed into the bloodstream via the intestinal lining. If therapeutic effectiveness is established, this could lead to a revolutionary ventilation technique—one that could be useful in situations where traditional ventilation methods are too risky or impractical, such as in acute lung failure cases. This might provide a potential answer for urgent situations that current medical practices struggle to handle.